SELECTED OCCUPATIONAL HISTORY

• Clinic Director, Chiropractor,, Livonia Spine And Injury , Livonia, Michigan, 1993 - Present
• One year voluntary hiatus to travel New Zealand and USA, 1992 - 1993
• Chiropractor, Rose Chiropractic, Mandurah, Western Australia, 1991 - 1992
• One year voluntary hiatus to travel USA, 1990 - 1991
• Chiropractor, Newport Chiropractic, Newport, Oregon, 1989 - 1990

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EDUCATION AND LICENSURE

• Doctor of Chiropractic, Licensed in the State of Michigan, License # 2301005503, 1989-Present
• Doctorate of Chiropractic, Los Angeles College of Chiropractic, Whittier, California, 1989
• National Board of Chiropractic Examiners, Part I, 1988
• National Board of Chiropractic Examiners, Part II, 1988
• National Board of Chiropractic Examiners, Part III, 1989
• National Board of Chiropractic Examiners, Physiotherapy, 1988

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SELECTED POST-GRADUATE EDUCATION, CERTIFICATIONS AND DIPLOMATES

Chiropractic Management Post C2-3 Fusion, detailed review of upper cervical anatomy and spinal biomechanics was reviewed. Specific attention to upper cervical ligamentous attachments and histological descriptions was given. Evidence based approach to post-surgical care was presented on physician experience, published literature and patient response. Outline of a systemized approach to the diagnosis and management of the patient with post-surgical upper cervical fusion was presented and discussed. National Spine Management Group, LLC, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, PACE, State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Office of Continual Medical Education , 2023

Primary Spine Care 14: Case Management and Documentation - Spinal Biomechanics in Clinical Practice, The utilization of X-Ray digitization to diagnose spinal biomechanical pathology and analyzing trends in healthcare when triaging mechanical spine pain. The role of credentials in interprofessional collaboration. Cleveland University Kansas City, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Long Island, NY, 2023, 2023

Primary Spine Care 14: Case Management and Documentation - MRI Spine Sequence Acquisition and Interpretation,, The understanding and utilization of T1, T2, STIR, Proton Density, FSE, GRE imagine sequencing for conclusive diagnosing of fracture, tumor, infection, and disc pathology. Identifying herniation, protrusion, bulge, extrusion-migrated, and extrusion-fragments on MRI images. Cleveland University Kansas City, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Long Island, NY,, 2023

Primary Spine Care 14: Case Management and Documentation - Spinal Disc Microanatomy, T, he understanding of the human spinal discal elements; annulus, nucleus pulposis, cartilaginous end plates inclusive of the neurology, visualization, differentiation from the neonate to adults. The understanding of the etiology of Modic changes on MRI and how spinal biomechanics are altered. Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Long Island, NY,, 2023

Primary Spine Care 14: Case Management and Documentation - Interprofessional Collaboration on Mechanical Back Pain in Clinical Practice, Triaging neurologically compromised cases in conjunction with positive MRI images, and collaboratively managing cases with neurosurgeons in clinical practice. Post-operative management of spinal cases through full recovery. Cleveland University Kansas City, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division,, Long Island, NY, , 2023

Primary Spine Care 14: Case Management and Documentation - Spinal Biomechanical Engineering Analytic, , The analytics of spinal biomechanical engineering utilizing X-Ray digitizing for Alteration of Motion Segment Integrity and biomechanical pathology. Determining laxity of ligaments in connective tissue pathology and the long-term negative sequels of the pathology. Cleveland University Kansas City, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division,, Long Island, NY,, 2023

Primary Spine Care 14: Case Management and Documentation - Demonstrative Reporting of MRI Spinal Disc Pathology,, The diagnosis, and reporting of spinal disc bulges, herniations, protrusions, extrusions, and fragments. Reporting varices, Modic 1, 2, and 3, posterior longitudinal, interspinous, and intertransverse ligament. Reporting the ligamentum Flavum and epidural fat as a space-occupying lesion. Cleveland University Kansas City, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division,, Long Island, NY,, 2023

CBP Corrective Chiropractic: Contemporary Research 2022, 2022 Spine Research Update: 11 Cervical Spine Randomized Trials,,Full Spine Deformity as Adult Spine Deformity (ASD) & Rehabilitation Sciences;Medical-Surgical Patient Co-Management Meets the Science and Art of CBP: Identifying common injuries to the upper cervical spine complex and best practices for structural rehabilitation to help the injured patient heal; Scoliosis Deformities and Thoracic Kyphotic Deformities: The Mirror Image Bracing Concept with New Research and Insights Life University, , Nashville,, TN, 2022

National Spine Management West Conference 2022 - LIVE WEBCAST - Preparing for Litigation – it starts with your documentation –, National Spine Management West Conference 2022 - LIVE WEBCAST - Preparing for Litigation – it starts with your documentation – National Spine Management Group, LLC, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, PACE,, 2022

National Spine Management West Conference 2022 - LIVE WEBCAST - How Jurors Determine Damage Awards- the importance of Anchors, discussion and review of litigation award Anchors and their influence on the chiropractic practice and documentation of functional losses due to spinal injury was outlined. Courtroom processes and review of testimony was presented. Consensus driven diagnosis and case management was emphasized. Objectification of bodily injury and its relation to short and long-term functional losses was presented National Spine Management Group, LLC, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, PACE, , 2022

National Spine Management West Conference 2022 - LIVE WEBCAST - The Future of Spinal Biomechanics, Review of essential biomechanical parameters in the human spine was presented. Emphasis was placed on their clinical application, patient outcomes and communication with the spine surgeon when applicable. Pre and post-surgical case management was reviewed in the context of peerreviewed medically indexed literature. A look to the future of interprofessional spine care between the chiropractor and the surgeon was presented. National Spine Management Group, LLC, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, PACE,, 2022

National Spine Management West Conference 2022 - LIVE WEBCAST - Spine Management and the Future of Spine Care, Discussion of the role of a spine manager in the daily treatment of spine patients was presented. Emphasis was placed on the understanding of the roles of other providers in the care paradigm including interventional pain management, spine surgery and rehabilitation professionals. Interprofessional communication techniques were presented with a focus on diagnosis and management in a patient centered environment National Spine Management Group, LLC, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, PACE, 2022

National Spine Management West Conference 2022 - LIVE WEBCAST - Communicating with the Spine Surgeon, Detailed review of the scientific literature supporting interprofessional collaboration between the spine surgeon and the Doctor of Chiropractic was presented. Emphasis on updated needs of the spine surgeon with focus on the understanding of pre and post-surgical chiropractic care. Literature updates and documentation requirements were discussed. Specific talking points are provided for telecommunication with the spine surgeon. National Spine Management Group, LLC, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, PACE,, 2022

National Spine Management West Conference 2022 - LIVE WEBCAST - Communicating with the Pain Management Physician -, Review of the scientific literature supporting interprofessional collaboration with the interventional pain management physician was outlined. Updates and review of the chiropractic scientific literature in relation to pain management mechanisms of the chiropractic adjustment were presented. Documentation and interprofessional referral, communication and telecommunication talking points for daily practice was outlined National Spine Management Group, LLC, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, PACE, 2, 2022

National Spine Management West Conference 2022 - LIVE WEBCAST - Communicating with the Primary Care Physician -, Review of literature supporting interprofessional communication at the primary care level was presented. Literature outlining interprofessional communication and the needs of the primary care physician was discussed. Efficient reporting and communication points were reviewed. Chiropractic interaction with primary care physicians from a clinical perspective were outlined with an emphasis on supportive relationships. National Spine Management Group, LLC, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, PACE,, 2022

National Spine Management West Conference 2022 - LIVE WEBCAST - Communication with Physical Therapy – t, Discussion on developing a collaborative relationship with physical therapy and its effect on outcomes and community-based care was outlined. Supportive scientific literature presenting the interaction between spinal biomechanics and supervised rehabilitative techniques was reviewed. Outcomes and interprofessional communication techniques were discussed with an emphasis on interprofessional referral and support of both professions. National Spine Management Group, LLC, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, PACE,, 2022

National Spine Management West Conference 2022 - LIVE WEBCAST - Interprofessional referral and pathways - , Review and outline of complete workflows for patient evaluation, documentation and triage when clinically indicated were detailed. Efficiency and accuracy of interprofessional communication was presented in terms of the needs of the patient, pain management physician, spine surgeon, physical therapist, and primary care physician. Evidence based triage workflows were discussed and detailed with emphasis on preventing unnecessary escalation of care in spine pain patients was presented. National Spine Management Group, LLC, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, PACE, 2, 2022

National Spine Management West Conference 2022 - LIVE WEBCAST - Communicating with the Lawyer – Disc Injuries, Discussion of the medical-legal implications of injuries to the intervertebral disc was presented. Clinical correlation to mechanism of injury, objective physical examination findings, results of advanced imaging and persistent functional loss were reviewed. Medical legal discussion of anatomy of intervertebral disc herniation, degenerative bulge, annular tear, and their relationship to nerve supply in terms the legal community can understand was detailed National Spine Management Group, LLC, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, P, 2022

National Spine Management West Conference 2022 - LIVE WEBCAST - Communicating with the Lawyer – AOMSI, Discussion of the medical-legal implications of injuries to the ligaments of the human spine was presented. Clinical correlation to mechanism of injury, objective physical examination findings, results of advanced imaging and persistent functional loss were reviewed. Medical legal discussion of the anatomy of spinal ligaments in the normal, degenerative, and traumatically injured spine was presented. Details of nerve supply to ligaments and the mechanism of scar tissue formation through the wound repair process was provided. National Spine Management Group, LLC, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, 2022

National Spine Management West Conference 2022 - LIVE WEBCAST - Communicating with the Lawyer – Low Speed Collisions -, - Discussion of the medical-legal implications of injuries sustained as a result of a low speed/impact collision resulting in minimal property damage was outlined. Clinical correlation to the low-speed mechanism of injury, objective physical examination findings, results of advanced imaging and persistent functional loss was reviewed. Medical legal discussion related to the correlation between impact forces and human spinal tolerance with particular attention being given to pre-existing degenerative spinal conditions was presented National Spine Management Group, LLC, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, PACE,, 2022

National Spine Management West Conference 2022 - LIVE WEBCAST - Anatomy of a Narrative Report –- , Presentation on the flow of clinical information into the medicallegal format used by adjusters, attorneys, judges, jurors, and law clerks was provided. Key indicators of persistent functional loss such as physical examination findings, global and segmental range of motion, advanced imaging findings and results of electrodiagnostic testing were outlined. Direct discussion on where in a narrative report these findings are to be written with an emphasis on patient assessment and expert opinion National Spine Management Group, LLC, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, PACE,, 2022

National Spine Management West Conference 2022 - LIVE WEBCAST - Advanced Imaging Protocols – update of the science of MRI -, Detailed review of common MRI sequences for spine imaging will be presented including T1, T2 and STIR in the sagittal and axial planes was presented. Additional sequences such as Proton Density, Diffusion Weighted and Dixon was detailed and reviewed. Particular attention was given to ordering contrast medium in a spine care practice. National Spine Management Group, LLC, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, PACE,, 2022

National Spine Management West Conference 2022 - LIVE WEBCAST - Compliance and Documentation – practice pitfalls 101 -, Detailed review of compliance parameters within clinical documentation with emphasis on detailed efficient processes was presented. Pitfalls common to clinical practice was demonstrated with practical, office ready solutions to ensure proper workflows, compliance, and efficiency were outlined. Whole practice documentation modeling was discussed including the use of a scribe. N National Spine Management Group, LLC, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, PACE, , 2022

CBP Corrective Chiropractic: Contemporary Research and Practices for Unparalleled Patient Health & Wellness, 2021 Spine Research Update: Radiographic Measures of Spinal Displacements and Deformities: Reliability, Validity, Clinical Utility, and Improved Patient Care Using Radiographic Imaging in Chiropractic Care, Thoracic Spine Deformity-Cervical Spine Deformity, • Evidenced based co-management of cervical spine injuries: injection, surgical intervention, and chiropractic rehabilitation. Dr. Chris Centeno, Identifying common injuries to the upper cervical spine complex and best practices for structural rehabilitation to help the patient heal. Scoliosis Deformities and Thoracic Kyphotic Deformities: The Mirror Image Bracing Concept with New Research and Insights Life University, Orlando , Florida, 2021

Structural Rehabilitation of the Thoracic Spine & CBP Case Management , This course provides an integrated education for the Doctor of Chiropractic in the Art and Science of chiropractic with an emphasis on postural and spinal distortions of the thoracic spine. Normal values for the sagittal plane of the thoracic kyphosis will be detailed from the literature and age related changes of the thoracic spine are reviewed. Chiropractic adjustive and rehabilitative treatment techniques for thoracic, lumbar, and cervical subluxations will be detailed. Life University, Cabo San Lucas,, Mexico, 2019

THE ADVANCES IN THE MANAGEMENT OF TRAUMATIC INJURIES (AMTI), Module 1 is a detailed overview of traumatic injuries and the application of clinical knowledge in the evaluation, management and documentation of a patient’s injuries secondary to motor vehicle crash (MVC) injuries. In addition, participants will have a structured overview on the legal clinical documentation process. Attendees will be directed in the clinical rationale for the transition from a simple pain and soft tissue injury model of care to one that centers on properly managing the underlying pathologies/subluxation complex(s) with the goal of improving short and long-term outcomes. Life University, Denver, Colorado, 2019

Evidenced Based Care in a Collaborative Setting; Primary Spine Care 5, A literature based model for collaborating with hospitals, medical primary care providers and specialists. Reviewing the documentation requirements to communicate the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment plans with medical entities and having the evidence as a basis for those recommendations. Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Cleveland University- Kansas City, Long Island, NY,, 2018

Current Literature Standards of MRI Spine Interpretation; Primary Spine Care 5, MRI Spine Interpretation of the spine. How to triage a trauma and non-trauma with advanced imaging and document the necessity. We will also cover the basics of MRI Spine Interpretation inclusive of all types of herniations, bulges. Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division. Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Cleveland University- Kansas City, Long Island, NY,, 2018

Spine Brain Connection in Pain Pathways; Primary Spine Care 5,, MRI Spine The spine-brain connection in managing chronic pain patients. Understanding how chronic pain negatively effects brain morphology and potential pathology as sequella. The role of chiropractic in preventing the loss of gray matter and the most recent evidence as outlined in indexed peer reviewed literature over the last 10 years verifying chiropractic’s role. Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Cleveland University- Kansas City, Long Island, NY, , 2018

Bio-Neuro-Mechanical Mechanism of the Chiropractic Spinal Adjustment; Primary Spine Care 5, The biological, neurological and mechanical mechanisms and pathways from the thrust to the lateral horn and brain connection and how the brain processes the chiropractic spinal adjustment based upon the literature. Care paths of chiropractic and physical therapy from an outcome basis, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division. Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Cleveland University- Kansas City, Long Island, NY, , 2018

Interprofessional Hospital Based Spine Care, , Trends in hospital and emergent care in the healthcare delivery system inclusive of policies, hospital staffing and current care paths for mechanical spine issues. Cleveland University – Kansas City, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, , Long Island, NY, , 2018

Drop Table Adjusting, Leg Length Inequality and Orthotic Intervention, The details of objective postural assessment and measurement will be reviewed. The Chiropractor will learn corrective global postural subluxation set-ups for the head, thoracic cage, & pelvis on a drop table. Life University, Cabo San Lucas, , Mexico, 2018

Connective Tissue Spinal Disc Permanent Pathology, Primary Spine Care, Herniated, bulged, protruded and extruded discs, etiology and morphology. Age-dating disc pathology inclusive of Modic changes, piezoelectric effect, Wolff’s Law and radicular clinical presentation, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Texas Chiropractic College,, 2017

Connective Tissue Pathology and Research, Primary Spine Care,, Utilization in spinal models considering the opioid abuse and various spinal models in contemporary health care. Care paths for mechanical spine pain and the evidence for conservative chiropractic care. Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Texas Chiropractic College,, 2017

Bio-Neuro-Mechanical Lesions and Spine Care, Primary Spine Care,, Mechanoreceptor, proprioceptor, nociceptor innervation and control of the spinal system with central nervous system action and interaction. The integration of the pain processing network and the HPA Axis (hypothalamus, adrenal and pituitary) with the chiropractic spinal adjustment. Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Texas Chiropractic College, , Long Island NY , 2017

Ethics, Documentation and Research, Primary Spine Care, , Maintaining ethical Interprofessional relationships based upon an evidenced based practice inclusive of triage, diagnostics and reporting. Creating thorough documentation that reflects your complete findings encompassing descriptive ICD-10 codes and concludes the presence or absence of pathology. Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Texas Chiropractic College, , Long Island NY , 2017

Structural Rehabilitation of the Cervical Spine & Relationship to Chiropractic., The difference and similarities between functional and structural cervical spine rehabilitation procedures. Understanding the Posture Spine Connection & Abnormal Cervical Configurations:Cervical spinal kinematics and coupling for cervical-thoracic posture displacements:Body Weighting and Dynamic Head/Neck Braces for Cervical Rehabilitation  History of and clinical indications for use of body weighting for reducing postural/spinal subluxations of the cervical-thoracic region, Life University, Cabo San Lucas, Mexico, 2017

Chiropractic Biophysics (CBP®) Hands on Training Workshop, This course provides an integrated education for the Doctor of Chiropractic in the Art of chiropractic techniques for spine and postural abnormalities in today’s patient populations. This is a 3 day hands on training designed to test the Chiropractic clinicians’ knowledge of CBP® technique and their ability to perform it. Emphasis is placed on analysis of spine/posture deformities using valid and reliable assessments and then the appropriate adjustive and rehabilitative treatment techniques. Life University, Eagle, , ID, 2016

Accident Reconstruction: , Terms, Concepts and Definitions, The forces in physics that prevail in accidents to cause bodily injury. Quantifying the force coefficients of vehicle mass and force vectors that can be translated to the occupant and subsequently cause serious injury. “Academy of Chiropractic Post Doctoral Division, Recognized by the PACE Program of the Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Long Island, New York, 2014

Impairment Rating Certification, , The understanding and utilization of the protocols and parameters of the AMA Guide to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment 6th Edition. Spine, neurological sequelae, migraine, sexual dysfunction, sleep and arousal disorders, station and gait disorders and consciousness are detailed for impairment rating. Herniated discs, radiculopathy, fracture, dislocationa and functional loss are also detailed in relation to impairment ratings. Academy of Chiropractic Post Doctoral Division, Recognized by the PACE Program of the Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards.”, Long Island, New York, 2014

Accident Reconstruction, Causality, Bodily Injury, Negative Acceleration Forces, Crumple Zones and Critical Documentation, Factors that cause negative acceleration to zero and the subsequent forces created for the vehicle that get translated to the occupant. Understanding critical documentation of hospitals, ambulance reports, doctors and the legal profession in reconstructing an accident. “Academy of Chiropractic Post Doctoral Division, Recognized by the PACE Program of the Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards.”, Long Island, New York, 2014

Accident Reconstruction: , Skid Marks, Time, Distance, Velocity, Speed Formulas and Road Surfaces, The mathematical calculations necessary utilizing time, distance, speed, coefficients of friction and acceleration in reconstructing an accident. The application of the critical documentation acquired from an accident site. Academy of Chiropractic Post Doctoral Division, Recognized by the PACE Program of the Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Long Island, New York, 2014

Accident Reconstruction:, Research, Causality and Bodily Injury, Delta V issues correlated to injury and mortality, side impact crashes and severity of injuries, event data recorder reports correlated to injury, frontal impact kinematics, crash injury metrics with many variables and inquiries related to head restraints. Academy of Chiropractic Post Doctoral Division, Recognized by the PACE Program of the Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Long Island, New York, 2014

Spinal Biomechanical Engineering:, Cartesian System, The Cartesian Coordinate System from the history to the application in the human body. Explanation of the x, y and z axes in both translation and rotations (thetas) and how they are applicable to human biomechanics. ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post Doctoral Division, Recognized by the PACE Program of the Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Buffalo, New York, 2014

Certification in Spinal Biomechanical Engineering,, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post Doctoral Division, Recognized by the PACE Program of the Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, , Buffalo, New York, 2014

Spinal Biomechanical Engineering: Cervical Pathobiomechanics,, Spinal biomechanical engineering of the cervical and upper thoracic spine. This includes the normal and pathobiomechanical movement of both the anterior and posterior motor units and normal function and relationship of the intrinsic musculature to those motor units. Nomenclature in reporting normal and pathobiomechanical findings of the spine. ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post Doctoral Division,, Buffalo, New York, 2014

Spinal Biomechanical Engineering: Lumbar Pathobiomechanics, , Spinal biomechanical engineering of the lumbar spine. This includes the normal and pathobiomechanical movement of both the anterior and posterior motor units and normal function and relationship of the intrinsic musculature to those motor units. Nomenclature in reporting normal and pathobiomechanical findings of the spine. ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post Doctoral Division, , Buffalo, New York, 2014

Spinal Biomechanics in Trauma,, To utilize whiplash associated disorders in various vectors of impact and whiplash mechanisms in determining pathobiomechanics. To clinically correlate annular tears, disc herniations, fractures, ligament pathology and spinal segmental instability as sequellae to pathobiomechanics from trauma. The utilization of digital motion x-ray in diagnoising normal versus abnormal facet motion along with case studies to understand the clinical application. ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post Doctoral Division, , Buffalo, New York, 2014

Spinal Biomechanical Engineering & Organizational Analysis,, Integrating spinal biomechanics and pathobiomechanics through digitized analysis.The comparison of organized versus disorganized compensation with regional and global compensation. Correlation of the vestibular, occular and proprioceptive neurological integration in the righting reflex as evidenced in imaging. Digital and numerical algorithm in analyzing a spine. ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post Doctoral Division, , Buffal, New York, 2014

Spinal Biomechanical Engineering: Cervical Digital Analysis,, Digitizing and analyzing the cervical spine in neutral, flexion and extension views to diagnose pathobiomechanics. This includes alteration of motion segment integrity (AMOSI) in both angular and translational movement. Ligament instability/failure/pathology are identified all using numerical values and models. Review of case studies to analyze pathobiomechanics using a computerized/numerical algorithm. ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post Doctoral Division, , Buffalo, New York, 2014

Spinal Biomechanical Engineering: Lumbar Digital Analysis, , Digitalizing and analyzing the lumbar spine images to diagnose pathobiomechanics. This includes anterior and posterior vertebral body elements in rotatioal analysis with neutral, left and right lateral bending in conjunction with gate analysis. Ligament instability/failure/pathology is identified all using numerical values and models. Review of case studies for analysis of pathobiomechanics using a computerized/numerical algorithm along with corrective guidelines. ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post Doctoral Division, , Buffalo, New York, 2014

MRI Protocols Clinical Necessity, , MRI slices, views, T1, T2, STIR axial, stacking, FFE, FSE and sagittal images. Clinical indication for the utilization of MRI and pathologies of disc in both trauma and non-trauma sequellae, including bulge, herniation, protrusion, extrusion and sequestration. ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post Doctoral Division, , Long Island, New York, 2013

Certification in MRI Interpretation, Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post Doctoral, New York, 2013

MRI Interpretation of Lumbar Degeneration/Bulges, MRI slices, views, T1, T2, STIR axial, stacking, FFE, FSE and sagittal images in the interpretation of lumbar degeneration. With the co-morbities and complications of stenosis, pseudo-protrusions, cantilevered vertebrate, Schmorl's nodes and herniations. Central canal and cauda equina compromise interpretation with management. ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post Doctoral Division, , Long Island,, New York, 2013

MRI Interpretation of Lumbar Herniations,, MRI slices, views, T1, T2, STIR axial, stacking, FFE, FSE and sagittal images in the interpretation of lumbar herniations. With the co-morbities and complications of stenosis, pseudo-protrusions, cantilevered vertebrate, Schmorl's nodes and herniations. Morphology of lumbar disc pathologies of central and lateral herniations, protrusions, extrusions, sequestration, focal and broad based herniations are defined and illustrated. Central canal and cauda equina compromise interpretation with management ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post Doctoral Division, , Long Island, New York, 2013

MRI Interpretation of Cervical Degeneration/Bulges,, MRI slices, views, T1, T2, STIR axial, stacking, FFE, FSE and sagittal images in the interpretation of cervical degeneration. With the co-morbidities and complications of stenosis, pseudo-protrusions, cantilevered vertebrate, Schmorl's nodes and herniations. Spinal cord and canal compromise interpretation with management ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post Doctoral Division,, Long Island, New York, 2013

MRI Interpretation of Cervical Herniations, , MRI slices, views, T1, T2, STIR Axial, FFE, FSE and sagittal images in the interpretation of cervical herniations. With the comorbidities and complications of stenosis, pseudo-protrusions, cantilevered vertebrate, Schmorl's nodes and herniations. Morphology of cervical disc pathologies of central and lateral herniations, protrusions, extrusions, sequestration, focal and broad-based herniations are defined and illustrated. Spinal cord and canal compromise interpretation with management. ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post Doctoral Division,, LongIsland, New York, 2013

MRI Interpretation of Degenerative Spine and Disc Disease with Overlapping Traumatic Insult to Both Spine and Disc, , MRI slices, views, T1, T2, STIR Axial, FFE, FSE and sagittal images in the interpretation of degenerative spondylolesthesis, spinal canal stenosis, Modic type 3 changes, central herniations, extrusions, compressions, nerve root compressions, advanced spurring and thecal sac involvement from an orthopedic, emergency room, chiropractic, neurological, neurosurgical, physical medicine perspective. ACCME Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post Doctoral Division, , Long Island, New York, 2013

Science Based Nutrition Foundational Laboratory Analysis:, Identifying serious diseases, determine metabolic imbalances and nutrient recommendations by using objective testing. Prove and document results through retesting. Texas Chiropractic College, Van D. Merkle DC, DABCI, DABCN, CCN, Lansing, Michigan, 2013

The Neuroendocrine Immunology of Blood Glucose Iss ues: , Understand the current concepts of autoimmune messenger systems and nutritional support for the immune system. The complex interplay between insulin surges and the neuroendocrine-immune network. How to plan and provide targeted nutritional and lifestyle support. Apex Energetics,University of Bridgeport College of Chiropractic, , Lansing, Michigan, 2013

Diagnostic Imaging Interpretation: Evaluation of X-Rays After Trauma, Radiographic Mensuration, , Understanding the utilization of Computerized Radiographic Mensuration Analysis(CRMA) in the triage of injured patients. Reviewing AMA Impairmen Guidelines 5th edition, and understanding how CRMA can demonstrate Alteration of Motion Segment Integrity(AOMSI), a commonly missed injury to spinal ligaments that is ratable under the AMA Impairment guidelines 5th edition between 25% to 28% whole person impairment Spinal Kinetics, Jeffrey Cronk DC, Life Chiropractic College, , Detroit, Michigan, 2012

Mastering the Thyroid,, Course provides detailed explanations of pathways and biomarkers in a structure relevant to the actual flow of a clinical nutrition practice. Case evaluations, diagrams, and flow charts have been created to help attendees understand how to master functional blood chemistry support. Apex Energetics, University of Bridgeport College of Chiropractic, Atlanta, Georgia, 2011, Atlanta, Georgia, 20112009

Functional Blood Chemistry Analysis,, Course designed to review the basic concepts of human physiology, laboratory biomarkers, and blood chemistry patterns. Develop a reliable perspective for viewing lab reports, assess the immune system, evaluate thyroid health, identify and manage blood sugar imbalance. Assess liver, G.I. tract, and biliary function. Identify metabolic imbalances and hidden causes of pain and inflammation to enhance the healing of musculotskeletal injuries. Science-based approach to customize dietary and nutritional support for patients. Apex Energetics, University of Bridgeport College of Chiropractic, , Minneapolis,, Minnesota, 2010
Certification in as an Industrial Consultant, Palmer Chiropractic College West, San Jose, California, 19921992

Certification in in Med X – Spinal Rehabilitation, Center for Exercise, Science Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, , Gainesville, Florida, 19891989

Head Trauma, Brain Injury and Concussion, Brain and head physiology, brain mapping and pathology as a sequella to trauma. Traumatic brain injury, mild traumatic brain injury, axonal shearing, diffuse axonal injury and concussion are detailed in etiology and clinically. Clinical presentation, advanced diagnostic imaging and electrodiagnostic are detailed in analysis to create a differential diagnosis. Balance disorders that are often as a result of trauma are also explored from clinical presentation to advanced imaging and differential diagnosis . CMCS Post Doctoral Division, New York Chiropractic Council, New York State Department of Education, Board for Chiropractic, Long Island, New York, 2009

MRI Normal Anatomy & Protocols, Spinal anatomy of all MRI views utilizing T1, T2, 3D Gradient, stacking and STIR sequences of imaging. Advanced protocols of MRI examination with multiple sequences to create concurrent diagnostic findings. . CMCS Post Doctoral Division, New York Chiropractic Council, New York State Department of Education, Board for Chiropractic, Robert Peyster MD, DABR-NR, Neuroradiologist,, Ronkonkoma, New York, 2009

MRI Disc & Spinal Canal Pathology, MRI interpretation of spinal disc pathologies as a result of trauma and degenerative factors and resultant neurological compromise. Spinal Cord and Spinal canal pathologies and space occupying lesion interpretation CMCS Post Doctoral Division, New York Chiropractic Council, New York State Department of Education, Board for Chiropractic, Robert Peyster MD, DABR-NR, Neuroradiologist, Ronkonkoma, New York, 2009

Accident Reconstruction and Ensuing Bodily Injury, Understanding the forces involved in crashed and the transference of those forces from the bullet car to the target car. Quantifying those forces to determine bodily injury and calculating speed, distance, time and drag factors in determining causality and direction of forces. CMCS Post Doctoral Division, New York Chiropractic, Ronkonkoma, New York, 2009

MRI Physics and History, Magnetic fields, T1 and T2 relaxations, nuclear spins, phase encoding, spin echo, T1 and T2 contrast, magnetic properties of metals and the historical perspective of the creation of NMR and MRI. New York State Department of Education, Board for Chiropractic, Terry Button PhD, Medical Physicist, Long Island, New York, 2009

MRI Anatomy & History, Normal anatomy of axial and sagittal views utilizing T1, T2, 3D Gradient and STIR sequences of imaging. Standardized and desired protocols in views and sequencing of MRI examination to create an accurate diagnosis in MRI. New York State Department of Education, Board for Chiropractic, Robert Peyster MD, Neuroradiologist, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Long Island, New York, 2009

MRI Disc Pathology & Spinal Stenosis, MRI interpretation of bulged, herniated, protruded, extruded sequestered and fragmented disc pathologies in etiology and neurological sequellae in relationship to the spinal cord and spinal nerve roots. New York State Department of Education, Board for Chiropractic, Robert Peyster MD, Neuroradiologist, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Long Island, New York, 2009

MRI Spinal Pathology, MRI interpretation of bone, intradural, extradural, cord and neural sleeve lesions. Tuberculosis, drop lesions, metasasis, ependymoma, schwanoma and numerous other spinal related tumors and lesions New York State Department of Education, Board for Chiropractic, Robert Peyster MD, Neuroradiologist, State University of New York at Stony Brook, , Long Island, New York, 2009

MRI Methodology of Analysis, MRI interpretation sequencing of the cervical, thoracic and lumbar spine inclusive of T1, T2, STIR and 3D gradient studies to ensure the accurate diagnosis of the region visualized New York State Department of Education, Board for Chiropractic, Robert Peyster MD, Neuroradiologist, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Long Island, New York, 2010

MRI Clinical Application, The clinical application of the results of space occupying lesions. Disc and tumor pathologies and the clinical indications of manual and adjustive therapies in the patient with spinal nerve root and spinal cord insult as sequellae New York State Department of Education, Board for Chiropractic, Magdy Shady MD, Neurosurgeon, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Long Island, New York, 2009

Neurodiagnostics, Imaging Protocols and Pathology of the Trauma Patient, An in-depth understanding of the protocols in triaging and reporting the clinical findings of the trauma patient. Maintaining ethical relationships with the medical-legal community. CMCS Management Post Doctoral Division, New York Chiropractic Council, New York State Department of Education Board for Chiropractic, Long Island, New York, 2008

Diagnostics, Risk Factors, Clinical Presentation and Triaging the Trauma Patient, An extensive understanding of the injured with clinically coordinating the history, physical findings and when to integrate neurodiagnostics. An understanding on how to utilize emergency room records in creating an accurate diagnosis and the significance of “risk factors” in spinal injury CMCS Management Post Doctoral Division, New York Chiropractic Council, New York State Education Department Board for Chiropractic , Long Island, New York, 2008

Crash Dynamics and Its Relationship to Causality, , An extensive understanding of the physics involved in the transference of energy from the bullet car to the target car. This includes G's of force, Newtons, gravity, energy, skid marks, crumple zones, spring factors, event data recorder and the graphing of the movement of the vehicle before, during and after the crash. Determining the clinical correlation of forces and bodily injury CMCS Management Post Doctoral Division, New York Chiropractic Council, New York State Education Department Board for Chiropractic, Long Island, New York, 2010

MRI, Bone Scan & X-Ray Protocols, Physiology and Indications for the Trauma Patient, MRI interpretation, physiology, history and clinical indications, Bone Scan interpretation, physiology and clinical indications, x-ray clinical indications for the trauma patient CMCS Management Post Doctoral Division, New York Chiropractic Council, New York State Education Department Board for Chiropractic, Long Island, New York, 2008

Neurodiagnostic Testing Protocols, Physiology and Indications for the Trauma Patient, Electromyography (EMG,) Nerve Conduction Velocity (NCV,) Somato Sensory Evoked Potential (SSEP,) Visual Evoked Potential (VEP,) Brain Stem Auditory Evoked Potential (BAER) and Visual-Electronystagmosgraphy (V-ENG) interpretation, protocols and clinical indications for the trauma patient. CMCS Management Post Doctoral Division, New York Chiropractic Council, New York State Education Department, Board for Chiropractic, Long Island, New York, 2008

Documentation and Reporting for the Trauma Victim, Understanding the necessity for accurate documentation and diagnosis utilizing the ICD-9 and the CPT to accurately describe the injury through diagnosis. Understanding and utilizing state regulations on reimbursement issues pertaining to healthcare CMCS Management Post Doctoral Division, New York Chiropractic Council, New York State Education Department, Board for Chiropractic, Long Island, New York, 2008

Documenting Clinically Correlated Bodily Injury to Causality, Understanding the necessity for accurate documentation, diagnosis and clinical correlation to the injury when reporting injuries in the medical-legal community. Documenting the kinesiopathology, myopathology, neuropathology, pathophysiology in both a functional and structural paradigm . CMCS Management Post Doctoral Division, New York Chiropractic Council, New York State Education Department, Board for Chiropractic,, Long Island, New York, 2008

Certification in Chiropractic Biophysics Technique, Chiropractic Biophysics Seminars Inc, Spring Creek, Nevada, 2008

Chiropractic Biophysics Thoracic Spine Rehabilitation and Comprehensive Case Management, Chiropractic adjustive and rehabilitative treatment techniques for thoracic spine as well as cervical and lumbar spine, Survey of research material supporting the utilization and efficacy of Chiropractic Biophysics technique Chiropractic Biophysics Seminars Inc., Spring Creek, Nevada, 2008

Instrument Adjusting and Upper Cervical Protocol, How postural displacements influence the upper cervical spine, Normal joint kinematics and instability analysis of the upper cervical spine, Biomechanics and neurophysiological mechanisms of instrument adjusting, corrective global postural subluxation set-ups for the head, thoracic cage and pelvis using a hand held instrument. Chiropractic Biophysics Seminars Inc., Spring Creek, Nevada, 2006

Chiropractic Certification in Spinal Trauma, Increases expertise and improves clinical outcomes in spinal trauma cases through more thorough, confident case management and enhanced communication with patients and other professionals . The Council on Applied Chiropractic Sciences of the International Chiropractors Associations, Arlington, Virginia, 2006

Myologic Bulletproof Seminar, Review of contemporary research of auto injuries, auto accident outcome assessment form, auto injury impairment and disability ratings, objective computerized testing (range of motion, muscle testing, and X-ray digitization analysis). Chicago, Illinois, 2003

Certification in Pediatric Certificate of Proficiency and Webster Technique Certified, Cleveland Chiropractic Colleges, Media, Pennsylvania, 2003

Basics of Chiropractic Biophysics Technique, Defines a normal static equilibrium spinal model from the literature, Abnormal posture and segmental spinal coupling patterns as rotations and translations in 3-D, Validity, reliability, projection geometry and Chiropractic Biophysics analysis method Chiropractic Biophysics Seminars Inc, Spring Creek, Nevada, 2000

Drop Table Adjusting, Leg Length Inequality and Orthotic Intervention, , Details of objective postural assessment and measurement, Corrective global postural subluxation set-ups for the head, thoracic cage and pelvis on a drop table, Diagnosis analysis and course of care for short leg syndrome, lower extremity disorders and upper cervical subluxation/fixation Chiropractic Biophysics Seminars Inc, Spring Creek, Nevada, 2000

Chiropractic Biophysics Structural Rehab of the Cervical Spine, Role of spinal manipulative therapy and structural correction of sagittal cervical lordosis, Detailed categories of head to thorax postures, Appropriate timing and application of postural and functional exercises for the cervical spine, Introduction to 16 categories of sagittal cervical traction and 3 methods of coronal traction. Chiropractic Biophysics Seminars Inc., , Spring Creek, Nevada, 2000

Chiropractic Biophysics Structural Rehab of the Lumbar Spine, Role of spinal manipulative therapy and structural correction of sagittal lumbar lordosis, Detailed categories of lumbopelvic postures, Appropriate timing and application of postural and functional exercises for the lumbar spine, Introduction to 17 categories of sagittal lumbar traction and 5 methods of coronal traction Chiropractic Biophysics Seminars Inc, Spring Creek, Nevada, 2000

Chiropractic Biophysics Advanced Full Spine Analysis and Technique, Statistical correlations between each spinal region, Anatomic variables of pelvic morphology, Effect common anomalies have on sagittal plane alignment of the spine Chiropractic Biophysics Seminars Inc, Spring Creek, Nevada, 2000

Whiplash Advanced Topics: The Fundamental Science, Includes topics such as biomechanics, whiplash trauma mechanisms, soft tissue injuries, outcome of cervical acceleration, deceleration injury and review of contemporary literature Whiplash and Brain Injury Traumatology Program, Spinal Research Institute of San Diego , Spring Valley, California, 2000

Management Principles in Personal Injury and Forensic Documentation, Intakes forms, SOAP notes, Re-Examination - when and why to perform them on an auto accident victim, effective narrative report writing, disability questionnaires Whiplash and Brain Injury Traumatology Program, Spinal Research Institute of San Diego, Spring Valley, California, 2000

Medicolegal Fundamentals for Practitioners and Forensic Experts, Reporting, records keeping, medical photography, deposition strategy, arbitrations, testifying in court, using evidence, medical/legal rebuttal, cervical spine injury references and the defense of the whiplash case Whiplash and Brain Injury Traumatology Program, Spinal Research Institute of San Diego, Spring Valley, California, 2000

Soft Tissue Injury: Stages of Healing, Examines the different stages of healing along with techniques for accelerating proper healing Life Chiropractic College West, Hayward, California, 1991

Functional Soft Tissue Evaluation and Testing, Examines the necessity of including soft tissue analysis and treatment with the chiropractic adjustment as well as theories and methods of soft tissue National University of Health Sciences, Whittier, California, 1989

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SELECTED MEMBERSHIPS

• American Academy of Medical Legal Professionals, Member, 2009 - Present
• International Chiropractors Association, Member, 1998 - Present
• Academy of Chiropractic, Member, 2009 - 2019

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SELETED HONORS AND AWARDS

• Nominated Top Chiropractor, Detroit Hour Magazine, 2013/2014